TERMS AND DEFINITION

1. Management: is the coordination and administration of tasks to achieve a goal. Such administration activities include setting the organization's strategy and coordinating the efforts of staff to accomplish these objectives through the application of available resources.
2. Annual: A plant that completes its life cycle in one growing season.
3. Perennial: A plant that lives for more than two years, often regrowing each spring from the same roots.
4. Biennial: A plant that requires two growing seasons to complete its life cycle, typically flowering and setting seed in the second year.
5. Deciduous: Refers to plants that shed their leaves seasonally, usually in autumn.
6. Evergreen: Refers to plants that retain their leaves or needles throughout the year, providing year-round foliage and color.
7. Hardiness Zone: A geographic area defined by its average annual minimum temperature, used to determine which plants are likely to thrive in a particular location.
8. Mulch: A layer of material (such as bark, wood chips, or straw) spread over the soil surface to conserve moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.
9. Compost: Decomposed organic matter used as a soil amendment to improve soil structure, fertility, and moisture retention.
10. Fertilizer: A substance added to soil or plants to provide essential nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, to support healthy growth.
11. Pruning: The act of selectively removing parts of a plant, such as branches or stems, to promote optimal growth, shape, and health.
12. Mulching: The process of applying mulch to garden beds and around plants to conserve moisture, suppress weeds, and improve soil health.
13. Hardscape: Non-living features in a landscape design, such as pathways, patios, walls, and structures, typically constructed from materials like stone, concrete, or wood.
14. Softscape: Living elements in a landscape design, including plants, trees, shrubs, flowers, and grass.
15. Xeriscaping: Landscaping designed to minimize water usage and maximize water efficiency, often using drought-tolerant plants and efficient irrigation systems.
16. Native Plants: Plant species that naturally occur and thrive in a specific region, adapted to the local climate, soil, and environmental conditions.
17. Invasive Plants: Non-native plant species that aggressively spread and outcompete native vegetation, often causing ecological harm to ecosystems.
18. Drip Irrigation: An irrigation system that delivers water directly to the roots of plants through a network of hoses or tubes with emitters, minimizing water waste and evaporation.
19. Hardiness: The ability of a plant to withstand adverse environmental conditions, such as temperature extremes, drought, or frost.
20. Ground Cover: Low-growing plants, such as ivy or creeping thyme, used to cover bare soil, control erosion, and provide visual interest in garden beds.
21. Espalier: A horticultural technique of training woody plants, such as fruit trees or ornamental shrubs, to grow flat against a wall or trellis in a specific pattern.